Separate Muslim ELECTORATE : beyond horizon with JASWANT SINGH explanatory video

Separate electorates

In a separate electorate system, each recognized community  votes only for candidates of its own community. If the electorate is divided into recognized communities of Muslims, General, Sikhs, Christians, Dalits (as the Communal Award 1932, then voters from each of these communities would vote only for candidates from their own community. The quota of seats on every legislature assigned to each community is pre-determined by prior agreement among the communities. 


If there are 10% Muslims and 90% Hindus in a region, the Muslim's legislator would need to represent  9 times the area that the Hindu's representative represents and there would be 9 Hindu representatives to every Muslim legislator from that region. The Hindu legislators would have nothing to do with the Muslims in their constituencies and the Muslim legislators would have nothing to do with the Hindus in their constituencies.  

it was more like creating the limitation factor into count and make it more in reach of general mind what electoral constituency belong to which domination. This would mean a Slap on the face of indian representation claiming party of CONGRESS.

WHY GANDHI and CONGRESS AGAINST Separate Electorate?

Gandhi, had it in his mind not just the situation of MUSLIMS but other communities too, was well known for his principle of not dividing motherland Cow in different pieces-being secular- we can say his vision was seeing that sooner or later accepting Muslims demand of separate electorate would mean further division of dimensions of political faces, concerned nightmare took its shape when rising voices of lower caste hindus were listened by Britain and they initiated Communal Award. 

       The Communal Award was made by the British Prime Minister Ramsay Macdonald on 16 August 1932 granting separate electorates in British India for the Forward Caste, Lower Caste, Muslims, Buddhists, Sikhs, Indian Christians,Anglo-Indians, Europeans and Untouchables (now known as the Dalits) etc

The Award was highly controversial and opposed by Mahatma Gandhi, who was in Yerveda jail, and fasted in protest against it. Once the Depressed Classes were treated as a separate community, the question of abolishing untouchability would not arise, and the work of Hindu social reform in this respect would come to a halt. Communal Award was supported by many among the minority communities, most notably the Untouchable's leader, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar. After lengthy negotiations, Gandhi reached an agreement with Dr. Ambedkar to have a single Hindu electorate, with Untouchables having seats reserved within it. This is called the Poona Pact. Electorates for other religions like Muslims, Buddhists, Sikhs, Indian Christians, Anglo-Indians, Europeans remained separate.

Akali Dal, the representative body of the Sikhs, was also highly critical of the Award, since only 19% reservation was provided to the Sikhs in Punjab, as opposed to the 51% reservation for the Muslims and 30% for the Hindus.

What may come to CONGRESS advantage in broader picture if they were to accept Communal award ?

An advantage of the separate electorate system is that a given recognized community is assured of a fixed number of representatives from that community. But that also implies that  there cannot be more than that pre-determined fixed number of representatives from that community - a community's political power is limited by its pre-determined share of seats in legislature.

now no matter how popular the community gets in another community the barrier would have lasted of limitation of power and that in sense would hurt the true individual right to select and elect.

Ruling elite face less competition or challenges for power
Each community's politicians compete with each other only and are assured of a sort of niche or captive vote with  no danger of competition or challenge possible  ever from politicians of other communities

 Increasing fragmentation
As the system evolves,   electorates could get  more and more fragmented with sub communities touting their claims to separatism  and their own separate electorate and seats (such as if Shias claim  electorates  and quotas separate from  Sunnis among Muslims or subdivision of other sects within sects would even have changed dynamics of Muslim majority unity into dismal which could be utilized at right time by congress in future to come by playing proxy).

MUST WATCH a prospective of JASWANT SINGH and Dr asrar Ahmed, explains partition saperate electorate emotional last 3:45 minutes made me cry :

JASWANT SINGH INTERVIEWS ON PTV

SOURCES:

• sir Nofil safwan support and inspiration that lead to the search of the beyond horizon prospective of separate electorate.
• playit.pk for providing great video of jaswant singh in reach of my project
• sites.google.com
• wikipedia.org